Changeable typographic make-up system



y 18, 1965 G. J. H. SAUSELE I 3,183,817

CHANGEABLE TYPOGRAPHIC MAKE-UP SYSTEM Filed Oct. 3, 1962 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ry/AMA ATTORNEYS May 18, 1965 G. J. H. SAUSELE CHANGEABLE TYPOGRAPHIC MAKE-UP SYSTEM Filed Oct. 5, 1962 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 BY 7km CLQWWMJ z ATTOR NEYS y 1965 G. J. H. SAUSELE 3,183,817

CHANGEABLE TYPOGRAPHIC MAKE-UP SYSTEM Filed Oct. 5, 1962 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 w ai INVENTOR ATTORNEYS yaw w/azzJ May 18, 1965 G. J. H. SAUSELE 3,183,817

CHANGEABLE TYPOGRAPHIC MAKE-UP SYSTEM Filed Oct. 5, 1962 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS United States Patent C 3,183,817 CHANGEABLE TYPOGRAPHEC MAKE-UP SYSTEM George J. H. Sausele, New Providence, N.J., assignor to American Type Founders Co., Inc, Elizabeth, NJ, a corporation of Delaware Filed Oct. 3, 1962, Ser. No. 22%,045 3 Claims. (Cl. 5-35) This invention relates to typographic make-up systems and more particularly to such systems as are adapted for the photo-mechanical make-up for recurring but frequently altered composition such as directories, catalogs, and classified advertisement sections of periodicals.

In recent monthe more and more newspapers, including some of quite substantial circulation, have gone over to offset printing rather than by the use of hot metal letter press cast type, and while they all employ photo-typesetting methods for their general make-up, some difliculty has been experienced in the ready and facile preparation of make-up for changeable recurring composition such as classified ads.

In the make-up of pages using the output of phototypesetting machines, for newspapers, directories, or any composition requiring periodic updating, for example, by the insertion of new material or removal of obsolete portions and at the same time retaining some type set material, photographic artwork or the like, which have not been outdated, it has been common practice to use paste-up techniques, such as by pasting sheets of composition down onto a base usually with a wax adhesive, which permits the operator to then lift the sheet and cut it as required in remaking the page. This is a quite awkward procedure since it is necessary to cut and handle very small pieces of the photographic paper carrying the photo composition and these small pieces have the sticky wax coating on them. The method is so slow and time-consuming that it has been found to be quite impractical in the applications mentioned above especially in connection with the preparation and revision of classified ad sections of newspapers. In this latter area, even though the greater portion of an offset newspaper may be made up by straight photo-typesetting procedures, most of such periodicals have up to the present been forced to make up their classified pages using linotype slugs. These hot metal methods have been pursued in view of the obvious flexibility of the individual slugs in page make-up. The make-up form is then placed in a proof press to procure a reproduction proof which is then pasted up together with the other material on the page for a camera shot, which produces a film negative of the newspaper page which is used for making the offset plate from which the page will be printed.

The general object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved system of make-up for recurring and revised composition. Although the principles of the invention are applicable to copy produced by non-photographic means, they are especially pertinent to systems including methods, apparatus, and products, which provides a means for the utilization of the output of a phototypesetter such as, for example, the one disclosed in my co-pending application Serial No. 686,233, filed September 25, 1957, granted March 26, 1963, as United States Patent No. 3,682,670, and which therefore aifords a simpler, faster, and more economical method for such specialized uses than the ones just described.

In its preferred embodiments the invention contemplates the provision of novel methods and apparatus which involve the production of the type composition in the typesetter on photographic paper. After development the columns of text are laminated to a light-weight, easily cuttable base material which can be foam plastic, cork, or other material having similar properties. The

Patented May 18, 1965 material must be rigid enough to withstand normal handling and yet soft enough so that it can be cut with the sharp blade in the cutting fixture which is a component part of the novel system.

According to one method of procedure, the galley sheets from the photo-typesetting machine are cut in single column widths either before or after having been coated on their reverse surfaces with a pressure sensitive wax, usually in a known type of hot wax coating machine. The strips of paper are then applied to the strips or bars of the base material described, the adherence of the sheets to the blocks or bars being ensured by rubbing the surfaces of the sheets briskly as a 'burnishing operation, the heat and pressure of burnishing effecting a good bond of the paper to the base material.

Another method of laminating the make-up components involves coating the base material with a pressure sensitive adhesive, such as for example the above mentioned wax, the coating being protected from damage and normal handling prior to lamination by means of a paper protective layer, the protective paper being removed just before the plastic strip is laminated to the galley of photo set type. V

In the case of the classified ad page of a newspaper the galleys of type will constitute the new advertisments which are to be inserted in the current edition of the newspaper. Since these insertions are applied to different columns or even different pages under the appropriate classified headings, it is necessary to cut the galley into the individual units which it comprises. For this purpose the galley of type is placed on the cutting fixture where it is accurately cut to separate the individual ads.

The form for the entire page is then assembled, said form including a novel chase which comprises a portion of the original concept of the present invention. The individual ads are inserted and removed as required, the ads which are to be retained being capable of being slid vertically in the column to make room for late insertions.

A particular feature of novelty of this phase of the invention resides in the fact that the material supporting the photographic paper containing the ads is resilient or compressible enough so that if the column is tight by a line or two of six point type, for instance, a gentle pressure in the vertical direction will compress the material so as to lock the column and squeeze in an additional line or two of type. This feature is of considerable practical importance providing as it does what may be called a rubber column.

With the page form made and locked up as described, the assembled page is photographed on a standard process camera. If the individual blocks of material are close fitting, which of course requires holding the make-up to reasonable accuracy, uniform lighting of the surface from above will produce a good negative for plate making which will require little or no retouching. However, if the blocks are not held to close tolerance, but are loose fitting with shadow areas caused by this loose assembly, it would be advisable to fill the shadows with light by also back-lighting the form. This brings up another novel feature of the present invention which is involved in the making of the chase of a clear transparent plastic material.

Some of the advantageous features of novelty of the invention may be summarized as follows:

(a) The bottleneck in the composing procedure ininvolved in having to cut and paste individual ads into columns in a page or pages is eliminated.

(b) The make-up man can use in general the same system used in working with hot metal slugs.

(c) The individual ad units are easier to handle than individual ads composed in metal because an ad cannot be pied or jumbled up at the time of make-up.

(d) Ads that run continuousuly will not need resetting as in the case of former procedures where the face becomes flattened out from rolling a mat day after day, or in pulling repro-proofs, hence the ad units according to the present invention will not require resetting during the life of their run.

(e) The phototypeset classified ads according to the present to the present invention mounted on the proposed base material are substantially weightless and clean. They will not smear as strike-on image or repro-proofs paste material does.

(f) The present photoset classified are right-reading and black-on-white, which makes the reading of the ads easier and faster than reading wrong-reading type slugs.

Other objects and features of novelty will be apparent from the following specification when read in connection with the accompanying drawings in which one embodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of example.

In the drawings:

FIGURE 1 is a view in perspective of a laminating jig employed in the pursuit of the invention;

FIGURE 1a is a view in end elevation of one of the laminated typographic make-up units;

FIGURE 2 is a fragmentary view in prespective of a cutting fixture next employed;

FIGURE 3 is a similar view of a partially set-up page form including a chase embodying the principles of the invention;

FIGURE 4 is a plan view of the chase itself on a somewhat reduced scale;

FIGURE 5 is a fragmentary View in vertical section taken on line 5-5 of FIGURE 4;

FIGURE 6 is a plan view of the laminating jig shown in FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 7 is a vertical sectional view taken on line '7-'7 of FIGURE 6;

FIGURE 8 is a fragmentary view in vertical section taken on line 55-45 of FIGURE 6;

FIGURE 9 is a plan View of the cutter shown in FIG- URE 2;

FIGURE 10 is a view in end elevation of the cutter;

FIGURE 11 is a fragmentary view in front elevation of the knife and knife guiding portion of the cutter;

FIGURE 12 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 1212 of FIGURE 11; and

FIGURE 13 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on line 13-43 of FIGURE 9.

The broad outline of the content of the present invention has been set forth above in the stated objects thereof and pursuant to this the operational FIGURES 1, 2 and 3 will not be described in quite broad aspects and then later the details of the component parts of the system set forth more minutely in connection with the other figures of drawing.

In FIGURE 1 the laminator is shown in use, this device comprising essentially the base plate lit), the fixed guide plate 11, the adjustable guide plate 12 and the end clamp 13:. Between the two guide plates and abutting the front edge of the clamp 13 is the foam plastic galley base block 15. The adhesive upon the bottom surface of the block 15 has been protected by the strip of covering paper and this paper has now been removed so that the block can be pressed down upon the back surface of the strip of ads on the photographic paper indicated at I6 (see FIG. URES 1a and 8). The strip of photographic paper has had its upper edge clamped beneath the clamp member 13 and disposed in the slot between the guides 11 an 12 and then the block with its adhesive surface has been pressed down upon the strip.

An alternative method of preparing the laminated strip of phototype material involves the coating of the back surfaces of the photo strips 16 with a pressure sensitive wax adhesive and then applying the strips to the surface of the base blocks or bars 15. The upper surfaces of the sheet 16 are then rubbed and burnished, for example, with a piece of the plastic base material until the heat and pressure have effected a firm bond.

Preferably the base blocks or bars 15, either before or after the applying of the galley sheets, will have their side margins bevelled as at 17, the angle of bevel preferably being approximately between 5 and 10, this giving the cross-sectional aspect of the blocks the configuration of a trapezoid, preferably isosceles. This has several beneficial results. The arrangement provides for easy removal of the units from the assembled chase by pressing downwardly upon the remote edges and thus causing the blocks to tilt. It provides for more accurate cutting of the blocks and the angular cut of the edges provides for more effective elimination of shadows, due to possible unevenness of fit at the side margins of the rows of blocks, by back-lighting in the camera.

Back-lighting of objects or material on the copy board in process camera work is well known for some purposes in the art, but is usually employed in connection with the sole illumination of the subjects for photographing of opaque markings on clear transparent carriers, and not in connection with separate solid elements which may or may not fit together with the utmost precision, this resulting in the production of shadows at the line of separation. Even though the solid elements may be translucent or even transparent, uneven fitting at the margins may produce line shadows if not provided against, as by means of the expedients in the present invention.

With the strip of photographic paper containing the new ads securely adhered to the base block 15 and precisely aligned therewith, the gallery of new ads is put through the cutter which is illustrated in FIGURE 2 of the drawings.

Basically, the cutter in FIGURE 2 consists of the foundation plate 20 and a pivot bracket 21 to which the knife guide 22 is trunnioned. The strip of ads taken from the laminator is fed in as at 23 from the left-hand side of the device and the separations between the ads are carefully aligned with the gauge on the knife guide and then the knife slide 14 is slid forwardly whereupon the inclined sharp cutting blade 25 slices the separate ad blocks from the assembly as clearly shown at 26.

Now referring to the transparent plastic chase illustrated in FIGURE 3, this chase being given the general reference numeral 30, it will be seen that it consists of the base plate 31, a fixed top guide bar 32, a fixed side guide bar 33, and an adjustable side guide 34. At the bottom of the chase an adjustable bottom guide is secured. Between the columns of ads the vertical guide strips 38 are applied, these guide strips having a black vertical line on their upper edges to provide an image of the column rule in the finished printing. It will be realized that many of the ad blocks will be retained for republication in the current issue, but in order to make room for newly inserted ads these old ads are capable of sliding vertically between the column guides and new ads inserted; for example, the ad blocks 39 in the third column from the left have been slid downwardly to make room for the new insert 40 in that particular classification. Similarly, in the first column the block 41 has been moved downwardly for the insertion of the new ad 42.

When the form is finally assembled the page is then photographed in a process camera and the negative employed in the usual way for the make-up for the production of an offset printing plate.

Now the component parts of the apparatus involved in pursuing the invention will be described in detail.

In FIGURE 6 of the drawings it will be seen that the base plate 10 of the laminator is preferably made of transparent plastic as are also the other principal parts of the device. Along the right-hand edge of the base plate is fixedly secured the guide bar 11 as by means of the screws 45. The adjustable guide 12 on the left-hand sneaarv side of the laminator is provided with slots 47 into which the screws 48 are received, the slots providing means for adjusting the guide 12 laterally a small amount to accommodate to possible slight variations in the width of a block.

The clamping device 13 at the top edge of the laminator comprises a strip of plastic having a pair of openings 50 through which the adjusting thumb screws 51 extend. The screws 51 are threaded into openings in the base member and a socket 55 is provided in the opening 50 into which a spring 56 is seated which urges the plate upwardly to released position. In clamping the top edge of a sheet which is to be laminated with the block of the base material the thumb screws 51 are turned downwardly and similarly when the arrangement is to be released the screws are turned in the opposite direction.

The detailed construction of the cutter will be described in connection with FIGURES 9-13. The base plate of the cutter has been designated and the pivot bracket 21 for the cutter guide will be seen to comprise a base portion 60 and two upstanding flanges 61 and 62 each having aligned openings therein to accommodate the pi'v'otpin 65 for the blade carrier 22.

The blade carrier 22 has an operating handle 67 fixed to the end thereof and is adapted to be guided at its near end between the blocks 68 and 69 which are secured to the base plate 20 as, for example, by means of bolts such as suggested at 70. I

The cutter bar 22 is held down in operative position by means of the latch member 72 which has a hook portion 73 engageable in a notch 74 in the end of the bar 22. The latch 72 is pivoted as upon the screws 75 and is urged toward latching position by means of a spring 76 seated in a recess 77 in the edge of the base plate 20.

The bar 22 itself has a ledge 80 which provides a gauge for positioning the gallery with respect to the cutting blade and also provides means for limiting the upward movement of the bar as by contact with the adjustable set screw 82 which passes through the flange 83 of the block 69 and may be fixed in adjusted position as by means of the nut 84. The sliding blade carrier which runs along the bar 22 has been designated 24 and the sharp angled blade denominated 25. The carrier consists of the inverted L-shaped body portion 85 and a laterally disposed complementary plate 86 which is secured to the part 85 as by means of the bolts 87. These two parts 85 and 86 straddle the bar 22 and as clearly seen in FIGURE 13 of the drawings the part 86 has one or more dowel pins passing therethrough which enter the longitudinal groove 88 in the bar 22. The blade itself is adjustably clamped to the piece 85 as by means of the clamping plate 89 secured by means of the screws 90.

The sliding blade carrier has a handle 92 for manipulation and is urged toward its retracted position as shown in FIGURE 9 by means of the spring 94 which is anchored to the part 61 of the pivot bracket.

For the purpose of affording a better and more accurate guide for the blade 25 itself, two parallel bars 91 of ground steel are bolted to the base plate within a well or depression 93 therein and the narrow space 96 between these bars is only wide enough to easily accommodate the sliding movement of the point of the blade 25.

A pin 95 projects from the blade carrier 24 and this is designed to strike the latch 72 upon the conclusion of the cutting movement of the member 24 and release the bar 22 so that it may spring upwardly to accommodate the advance of the galley or ad block to sever another ad portion. The bar 22 is urged upwardly by means of the spring 97 which is seated in the socket 98 in the base plate and in a similar socket 99 in the bar 22.

For accurately guiding the blocks toward the cutting blade certain guide bars are screwed to the base plate 20, one of them being shown at 100 and a continuation of this guide being illustrated at 101 on the output side of the device. If desired, an oppositely disposed guide bar 102 may be provided particularly on the incoming side of the device and if it felt at all to be necessary, a similar driving guide might be applied to the far side by attachment to the body by the use of holes 104.

The operation of the cutter device Will be clearly understood. The blocks are slid along the guides 100 and 102 and beneath the cutter until the line at the bottom of the first ad on the block is in accurate alignment with the gauge edge of the gauge flange of the cutter bar 22 and then the blade slide 24 is manipulated by means of the handle 92 to move forwardly, the blade 25 severing the ad accurately along the line of division. The pin at the end of the travel of the member 24 strikes the latch 72 which releases the bar 22 and the spring 97 urges it upward in position to receive another block, the upward movement being limited by means of the gauge pin 82 shown in FIGURE 11 of the drawings. Spring 94 automatically returns blade slide 24 to its starting position.

The detail construction of the chase and the assembly of the page form therein, will now be described in connection with FIGURES 3, 4 and 5 of the drawings. The base plate 31, as mentioned earlier, is made of transparent plastic and so are the other principal pieces of the assembly. The upper marginal bar or plate 32 is secured in fixed position along the upper edge of the base plate 31 by means of the screws and the fixed side guide plate 33 is secured to the base plate by means of the screws 111. The page is made up in columns accord ing to the various ad classifications, each column being separated by the strips 38 and any slack in the widthwise dimension of the arrangement is taken up by the adjustment of the side strip 34, the strips for this purpose being provided with slots 112 through which the screws 114 are passed.

Similarly, when the columns are filled to the approximate dimension of their capacity, the bottom guide plate 35 may be pressed upwardly squeezing the columns of soft block material slightly, this adjustment being permitted by the slots 115 and the securing screws 116.

As mentioned before, inaccuracies in the cutting of the ad blocks may be compensated for by the rubber column provisions whereby the material may be squeezed in the chase, and also the shadow effects of any remaining loose fitting of the blocks may be eradicated by back-lighting in the process camera afforded by the transparency of the parts of the chase, and the admission of such ditfused back-lighting through the wedge-shaped passage afforded by the chamfering or beveling of the side walls of the blanks as already described.

It is understood that various changes and modifications may be made in the embodiment illustrated and described herein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. The method of preparing and maintaining current a page form of selectively variable copy as for the classified advertising pages of a newspaper, which method comprises preparing fragmentary galley sheets of individual interchangeable items of various lineage mounted on the top surfaces of blocks of corresponding lineage areas; arranging the blocks with their galley sheets applied thereto, in columnar series in a page form chase, including removing any blocks bearing outdated items and inserting any blocks bearing new items at appropriate places in the chase according to the proper classification, displacing adjacent retained blocks such distances in the column as necessary; clamping the blocks in the chase; illuminating the faces of the blocks and photographing the completed form contained in the chase, the blocks being chamfered to a somewhat trapezoidal sectional configuration to produce downwardly convergent opposite side walls, and the form being also back-lighted through a transparent chase in addition to the front illumination for photographing the form, such back-lighting being passed through the resulting wedge-shaped spaces between the blocks and adjacent parts of the form, to eliminate possible line shadows at the margins of the items.

2. A page form for use in the process of publishing variable copy as for example classified advertisement pages of a newspaper, said form comprising a rectilinear chase, a plurality of separate blocks of approximately rectangular parallelepiped configuration, and of somewhat resiliently yieldable material; a sheet carrying galley proofs of an item forming a part of a whole page composition secured face-upwardly to the top surface of each of said blocks, the blocks being of areas corresponding to the different lineage of the sheets bearing said items; marginal confining members carried at opposite sides of the base plate; means for efiecting adjustment of said confining members toward each other to clamp the blocks in place, compressing certain of said yieldable blocks where necessary, at least the base plate of said chase being translucent and said blocks somewhat trapezoidal in section with downwardly convergent opposite side walls, providing wedge-shaped slots for passage of supplemental back-lighting for elimination of line shadows at the margins of the blocks.

3. A page form for use in the process of publishing variable copy as for example classified advertisement pages of a newspaper, said form comprising a rectilinear chase,

a plurality of separate blocks of approximately rectangular parallelepiped configuration; a sheet carrying galley proofs of an item forming a part of the whole page composition secured face-upwardly to the top surface of each of said blocks, the blocks being of areas corresponding to the different lineage of the sheets bearing said items; marginal confining members carried at opposite sides of the base plate; means for effecting adjustment of said confining members to clamp the blocks in place, at least the base plate of said chase being translucent and said blocks somewhat trapezoidal in section with downwardly convergent opposite side walls, providing wedge-shaped slots for passage of supplemental back-lighting for elimination of line shadows at the margins of the blocks.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 692,291 2/02 Husson 95-l 1,740,989 12/29 Lytle 156349 1,938,394 12/33 Lyon 83- 19 1,975,439 10/34 Uher 95--4.5 2,446,915 8/48 Filmer 9635 2,489,458 11/49 Murphy 95-85 2,572,322 10/51 DeGoeij 95-85 X 2,615,380 10/52 Murphy 9585 X 2,684,341 7/54 AnSpon 9627 X NORTON ANSHER, Primary Examiner.

JOHN M. HORAN, Examiner. 

1. THE METHOD OF PREPARING AND MAINTAINING CURRENT A PAGE FORM OF SELECTIVELY VARIABLE COPY AS FOR THE CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING PAGES OF A NEWSPAPER, WHICH METHOD COMPRISES PREPARING FRAGMENTARY GALLEY SHEETS OF INDIVIDUAL INTERCHANGEABLE ITEMS OF VARIOUS LINEAGE MOUNTED ON THE TOP SURFACES OF BLOCKS OF CORRESPONDING LINEAGE AREAS; ARRANGING THE BLOCKS WITH THEIR GALLEY SHEETS APPLIED THERETO, IN COLUMNAR SERIES IN A PAGE FORM CHASE, INCLUDING REMOVING ANY BLOCKS BEARING OUTDATED ITEMS AND INSERTING ANY BLOCKS BEARING NEW ITEMS AT APPROPRIATE PLACES IN THE CHASE ACCORDING TO THE PROPER CLASSIFICATION, DISPLACING ADJACENT RETAINED BLOCKS SUCH DISTANCES IN THE COLUMN AS NECESSARY; CLAMPING THE BLOCKS IN THE CHASE; ILLUMINATING THE FACES OF THE BLOCKS AND PHOTOGRAPHING THE COMPLETED FORM CONTAINED IN THE CHASE, THE BLOCKS BEING CHAMFERED TO A SOMEWHAT TRAPEZOIDAL SECTIONAL CONFIGURATION TO PRODUCE DOWNWARDLY CONVERGENT OPPOSITE SIDE WALLS, AND THE FORM BEING ALSO BACK-LIGHTED THROUGH A TRANSPARENT CHASE IN ADDITION TO THE FRONT ILLUMINATION FOR PHOTOGRAPHING THE FORM, SUCH BACK-LIGHTING BEING PASSED THROUGH THE RESULTING WEDGE-SHAPED SPACES BETWEEN THE BLOCKS AND ADJACENT PARTS OF THE FORM, TO ELIMINATE POSSIBLE LINE SHADOWS AT THE MARGINS OF THE ITEMS. 